What is the industrial extracts and derivatives of stevia？

Stevia extracts and derivatives are produced industrially by many companies, and marketed under many trade names. Some of them are:
Rebiana: a sweetener containing mainly rebaudioside A
Truvia: the consumer brand for Rebiana marketed by Cargill and developed jointly with the Coca-Cola Company
PureVia: PepsiCo's brand of rebaudioside, a sweetener that was developed jointly with Whole Earth Sweetener Company
Enliten: Corn Products International's brand of rebaudioside A sweetener
Erylite Stevia: trade name for Jungbunzlauer's sweetener with rebaudioside A

Mechanism of action
Glycosides are molecules that contain glucose and other non-sugar substances called aglycones (molecules with other sugars are polysaccharides). The tongue's taste receptors react to the glucose in the glycosides: those with more glucose (rebaudioside) taste sweeter than those with less (stevioside). Some of the tongue's bitter receptors react to the aglycones.

In the digestive tract, rebaudiosides are metabolised into stevioside. Then stevioside is broken down into glucose and steviol. The glucose released in this process is used by bacteria in the colon and not absorbed into the bloodstream.Steviol cannot be further digested and is excreted.

What is the safety and regulations of stevia extract?
A 2009 review summarized the basic research in which steviosides and related compounds are being tested for possible antidisease actions,with no effect yet demonstrated in humans. A 2011 review found that the use of stevia sweeteners as replacements for sugar might benefit diabetic patients because it is a noncaloric additive.

Although both steviol and rebaudioside A have been found to be mutagenic in laboratory in vitro testing,these effects have not been demonstrated for the doses and routes of administration to which humans are exposed.Two 2010 review studies found no health concerns with stevia or its sweetening extracts.However, experts have noted that few long-term studies exist.

The WHO's Joint Experts Committee on Food Additives has approved, based on long-term studies, an acceptable daily intake of steviol glycoside of up to 4 mg/kg of body weight.In 2010, The European Food Safety Authority established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 4 mg/kg/day of steviol, in the form of steviol glycosides. Meanwhile, the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center warns that "steviol at high dosages may have weak mutagenic activity."

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